Marijuana

The use of marijuana in human civilization dates back to 6000 B. C. In this era, China found that cannabis seeds are edible and later discovered a greater use as textiles. From that time period, humanity has made significant advancement, and has discovered further uses for the marijuana plant. Today, marijuana can be used as medical cannabis to treat ailments that other medication cannot possibly treat. Although medical cannabis has some great benefits, in the many countries it is still illegal to possess and/or use.Thus the legalization of marijuana should be legalized through its promising and beneficial results. Contrary to belief, medical cannabis has very few health risks compared to propaganda suggested to most people in mainstream media. Throughout the years many random and bogus facts of marijuana have circulated, many of these disputes however, have been debunk through actual scientific study done today. The monkey marijuana experiment in 1973 for example was a huge hoax. In the case study, the monkeys were exposed to marijuana smoke everyday and died after ninety days.The autopsy report ruled that hey died to a dead brain through great loss in brain cells. Therefore, the conclusion of the study was that marijuana kills brain cells, but the experiment failed to report the monkeys were being suffocated for five minutes on a daily schedule for three months. The process of asphyxiation or suffocation causes lack of oxygen to the brain, which leads to death of brain cells. Soon after, many more theories have been tested and most of the so-called health risks were nothing more than hokum.Marijuana has fairly less harmful effects, unlike other legal drugs such as: alcohol, tobacco, cetaminophen, amphetamine, OxyContin, Xanax, sleeping pills, and many other legal drugs. Adversely, compared to other drugs and the drugs listed prior, marijuana has very few health risks. Since there are very few scientifically proven health risks, they are much more minimal in h armful effects than other recreational drugs. Alcohol and tobacco for instance, have higher risk in use than marijuana.The Center of Disease Control and Prevention states that: There are approximately 80,000 deaths attributable to excessive alcohol use each year in the United States. l This makes xcessive alcohol use the 3r d leading lifestyle-related cause of death for the nation. 2 Excessive alcohol use is responsible for 2. 3 million years of potential life lost (YPLL) annually, or an average of about 30 years of potential life lost for each death. l In 2006, there were more than 1. 2 million emergency room visits and 2. 7 million physician office visits due to excessive drinking. The economic costs of excessive alcohol consumption in 2006 were estimated at $223. 5 billion. 3 Compared to the average marijuana smokers, tobacco smokers frequently smoke more as stated in Mikaela Conleys ABC News article, â€Å"Among the study participants, the average pot smoker lit up two to three times per month. The average tobacco user smoked eight cigarettes per day. † Due to the greater amount of frequency in lighting a cigarette the average tobacco smoke causes much more air pollution as well as second hand smoke.In summation, the negative output of marijuana is miniscule compared to the negative output of most legal drugs/over the counter drugs. The medical uses of prescribed a mysterious herb as tea. This tea was marijuana and was used to treat, everything from pain relief to earache to childbirth. Doctors also warned against overuse of marijuana, believing that too much consumption caused impotence, blindness and â€Å"seeing devils. (Stack& Suddath)† Ever since then the uses of medical cannabis has varied from nausea to cancer and even to pain relief.According to â€Å"Disabled World†, Few herbs offer a wide variety of therapeutic applications like these: Relief of muscle spasms, relief of chronic pain reduction in interlobular pressure inside t he eye, suppression of nausea, weight loss – increase and restore etabolism, AIDS – Marijuana can reduce the nausea, loss of appetite, vomiting from the condition itself and the medications as well. Today, medical cannabis remains one of the most controversial social issues around the world.Although many people disagree with the drug, for one boy it proved valuable results. Jayden David of California suffers from a, â€Å"debilitating form of epilepsy, which causes him to experience frequent seizures – some lasting up to 90 minutes. (Fox40)† This only treatment for his epilepsy prior to medical marijuana was twenty types of medication hat he must take everyday in order to control his epilepsy. Once Jayden was on CDB (cannabidol), â€Å"Jayden's seizures are down approximately 80 percent. Jayden is functioning now,' David, of Modesto, Calif. told Fox 40. ‘The doctors told me Jayden would never walk or talk. ‘ (Fox40)† This is Just one of the stories of many lives that medical cannabis has managed to improve, including: cancer, chemotherapy, anorexia, bulimia, and many other ill patients. Due to its already besmirched image, the process in which obtaining medicinal marijuana has become such a hurdle that it is much harder to obtain than it should. Along with its beneficial results as medical cannabis, marijuana could have a substantially great impact on economy.With the drug being legal, less police force is needed to enforce the law, thus saving a substantial amount of taxpayer's money from the â€Å"get-go'. The Budgetary Implications of Marijuana Prohibition in the United States reveals that, â€Å"The report estimates that legalizing marijuana would save $7. 7 billion per year in government expenditure on enforcement of prohibition. $5. 3 billion of this savings would accrue to state and local governments, while $2. 4 billion ould accrue to the federal government. This is Just from deprivation of reduced polic e force, TBIMP states that, â€Å"50% of possession arrests are due solely to marijuana possession rather than being incidental to some other crime. † Declaring the arrest rate of 50% of all arrests are marijuana possession shows and reinforces the idea of how much the United States can save with reduced arrests and enforcements. In addition to the legalization of the drug, it could be taxed and distributed as a product worldwide for increase GDP in not only the United States, but also many other countries. However in the U. S. he estimated report says it would yield is, â€Å"$2. 4 billion annually if marijuana were taxed like all other goods and $6. 2 billion annually if marijuana were taxed at rates comparable to those on alcohol and tobacco. † Increase of new product in the market allows more economic growth worldwide. If the enormous revenue of legalization of marijuana is so great, it imposes the question of the legitimacy of illegalization of a drug in the first place, and to answer that question frankly it should! morality of it (which is the only answer to the question imposed prior to this entence).Most people against marijuana say that it is a drug and it is bad, but hold no other credible evidence of it truly being â€Å"bad†. In 1920 the United States imposed an alcohol prohibition because of their morale of it being â€Å"bad†. Just like marijuana alcohol is a drug, and has many pros and cons, such as medical uses like a disinfectant as well as a recreational drug. The hypocrisy came when the government imposed the prohibition when the motto has been â€Å"for the people by the people†. This lack of representation of the people caused one of the greatest failures in law reation since slavery.Not only did prohibition fail in stopping people from drinking alcohol, it also increased the amount of people drinking as well as crime rate. The distillation process of making alcohol became a homemade Job, but due to the lack of proper equipment and sanitation this beverage was much more hazardous to drink. It was estimated at least ten thousand people died during the enforcement of the 1920 to 1933 Prohibition. During this time the profit of making alcohol skyrocketed, which made it more tempting to break the law.Along with the increase crime rate, it as also reported that vandalism and public disturbances increased. This example is currently like the prohibition of marijuana, not only is it making crime more profitable, but it is also increasing the negligence of the people consuming and the law enforcement. However, due to a greater understanding of responsibility and information of recreational drugs, modern day society has allowed awareness in safety of alcohol consumption. This awareness could also be used for marijuana, Just as it has been done for tobacco and other drugs.In summation, the use of marijuana medically and recreationally has been around ince the beginning of civilization, and sh ould still be continued today; Just as Bert Lance once said, â€Å"If it ain't broke, don't fix it. † In addition, the legalization of marijuana should Just be reinstated prior to it's ban through its promising medical uses for all sick and ill patients, its beneficial economic results for everybody, and its use as a reminder that public opinion are still held accountable; even with the modern political Jargon going around today.So, for the sake of the ill who needs the drugs, to us, the people who could benefit from the drug, we should keep in mind that the ecision is more than Just a basis of morality, but also the basis of something for all. â€Å"The needs of the many outweigh the needs of the one. Marijuana Even the Persian founder of Suffix, who struggled with depression until discovering the plant, requested in his death, ‘to be buried amid cannabis leaves so his spirit may walk in the shade Of the plant that eve him much joy in his lifetime† (Medical-Marijuana-Mentor. Com). However, if marijuana has been embraced by diverse faiths and civilizations, why is marijuana such a controversial subject now? In America's inception marijuana was used to generate vast government money by our founding fathers; George Washington and Thomas Jefferson both grew hemp on Mount Vernon.But in 1932, the Confirm State Narcotic Act gave legislative control of marijuana from the federal government to the states, thus prohibiting the use of marijuana (The Free Dictionary). Nevertheless, numerous studies have shown the benefits of marijuana outweigh its negative effects. Therefore, the stigma should be lifted so that the people of the Lignite States can enjoy the benefits of marijuana. The legali zation of marijuana in the U. S. Would lower crime, stimulate the economy, and provide medical relief.First of all, the legalization of marijuana would lower the crime rate in the United States by creating a safe environment for its users. If marijuana is taken off the street, and out of the hands of the dealers, the crimes associated with these types of dealings would also be taken off the street. It would put marijuana into a legal market where it could be controlled by the proper authorities. â€Å"By providing legal supplies of currently illegal drugs the price will fall, leading to a collapse in the illegal drug industry, and a reduction in crimes committed by both drug suppliers and users† (Legalization of Marijuana).To illustrate this, just three months after the state of Colorado legalized marijuana, crime decreased 14. 6% and in Denver from the same time last year†¦ Violent crime also went down 2. 4% (Natural Society). Another disconcerting problem with marijuan a being sold on the street is its accessibility to minors. Drug dealers do not discriminate and do not care whether the buyer is a minor or not; their interest is solely in their own profits. High school students have reported that illegal drugs are easier to access than alcohol and tobacco.This would obviously explain why the percentage of teens using weed is drastically on the rise. On the other hand, if marijuana was legalized and sold as cigarettes, the buyer or consumer would have to produce a valid identification before purchasing it, and a vendor cannot legally sell alcohol and tobacco to minors. As a result, legalizing Arizona would establish more of control of its distribution, and would also reduce the usage of it among minors. With the economy in the United States in shambles, legalizing marijuana would allow it to be a taxable item and would produce millions of dollars into the system. The new measure is expected to bring†¦ [in] $550 million combined, with more than 300 economists previously estimating that legalizing pot could save the U. S. Up to $14 billion a year† (Huff Post Business). We should not allow drug dealers the ability to control the market and benefit on a product that has the potential to ring in high profits into our much-needed empty confers. With marijuana being sold on the black market drug dealers charge exuberant prices because they have the monopoly on the market; keeping pot illegal is inadvertently enriching greedy drug dealers.On a similar note, by legalizing marijuana the demand will rise for more farms and dispensaries. With this comes more jobs because establishments like this would be hiring farmers, growers, and employees would be needed to run the new dispensaries, thus creating a new and large job market. By legalizing Marijuana it can be something the American people can profit from as a whole, as well as the U . S. Government, instead of a small group of criminals who's only priority is to enrich thems elves. Lastly, and most importantly marijuana can treat diverse mental and physical illnesses.Medical marijuana or cannabis has already been legalized in 20 of the 52 states in the U. S. Marijuana can treat cancer patients suffering from the affects of chemo and radiation by dehydrogenation's (TECH) -? which has pain-relieving properties. It can also be used to prevent the spread of cancer cells. â€Å"CB (one of the components n cannabis) represents the first nontoxic exogenous agent that can significantly decrease old-l expression in metastasis breast cancer cells leading to the down-regulation of tumor aggressiveness† (National Library of Medicine).Furthermore, marijuana can be used to treat and prevent eye disease such as glaucoma. It has also been know to treat mental illnesses such as depression and anxiety. In addition, some independent studies have shown Marijuana to prevent suicide in those who use it for medical purposes. Marijuana is, at present, successfully treat ing people suffering from the effects of illnesses, but only in the states that have legalized it. However, everyone should have access to the medicinal properties found in cannabis and the ability to use them legally.Therefore it should be legally available to those whose health can benefit from it. In closing, it is safe to say there are many beneficial uses to this controversial drug known as marijuana. Prohibiting the use of marijuana does not prevent it from being used, but rather gives a small and dangerous group a large portion of control and power. If we are to learn anything from the history of prohibition in the hearties in relation to alcohol is that it did the opposite of what it was intended, â€Å"Alcohol became more dangerous to consume; organized crime blossomed; courts and prisons systems became overloaded† (1 920-30. Mom). Such is the case of the country today in regards to marijuana. The legalization of marijuana would not raise but rather lower crime, and would allow marijuana to be more controlled by the governing authorities. It would produce billions of dollars into an economy frocked with debt and create jobs in a time where unemployment is at record highs. It would allow those offering from the horrors of illnesses to find a means to ease their pain, and in some cases actually treat the illness itself.

From reading the selected pre-1914 Essay

The Return of the Native (pg 414 – 447) near end of novel From reading the above, what do you learn of Hardy’s use of vivid description, dramatic incident and reference to Nineteenth century customs and traditions? Which of the three pieces was your favourite and why? From reading the two extracts and the story, I can see that the main difference in the book is how life is in the book compared to our modern 21st century. People in the 19th century depended very heavily on agriculture and farming especially in ‘Wessex’, where nearly all of Hardy’s novels were set. Wages for agricultural labourers were the lowest in the country in Dorset, averaging out at the equivalent of 37p a week in 1840. Magic and superstition was rife in the 19th century, and many people believedin dark powers. Every village in Wessex was supposed to have their own witch. Magic play a big role in two of the stories which I am studying, ‘The Withered Arm’, and ‘The Return of the Native’. People who committed crimes in the 19th century were severely punished. Poachers were transported to Australia to do ‘hard labour’, night burglary was punishable by death. Hangings were still very popular in the 19th century and any hanging was an excuse for a ‘holiday’. Class systems in the 19th century were very rigid – not many people succeeded in moving up to a higher class, but Thomas Hardy was one of the few people who managed to do this. Thomas Hardy uses vivid description in all of his novels and short stories, including the novels which I am studying, in particular ‘The Mayor of Casterbridge’. At the beginning of the chapter, we have an almost cinematic view, as if a camera is zooming in on the three travellers, describing them from afar at first, then in more detail as we begin to see them from closer up. We can almost feel the tension between the two adults, when Hardy says: â€Å"What was really peculiar†¦ was the perfect silence they preserved. † In ‘The Withered Arm’, Hardy uses vivid description very effectively when description Rhoda Brook’s vision. He uses words such as: â€Å"†¦ Peered cruelly† and â€Å"†¦ shockingy distorted† to imply that Gertrude is mocking her for being cast aside and then Gertrude taking her place as Farmer Lodge’s wife. This vivid description is also linked to dramatic incident as it is a key chapter in the story, and Hardy uses adjectives to describe Rhoda’s ‘dream’, it makes us feel as though we are actually there, watching this distorted version of Gertrude attacking Rhoda, so Hardy’s descriptions are very effective in this chapter of the book. Also, at the beginning of the story, we learn a lot from the dairy workers in the farm, who gossip. They gossip about Farmer Lodge’s new wife and they try to guess how old Farmer Lodge is, all the while ignoring Rhoda Brook, Farmer Lodge’s ex-wife. In ‘The Return of the Native’, when the superstitious Susan creates a ‘voodoo’ doll resembling Eustacia, Hardy’s use of vivid description is effective when Susan thrusts pins in the doll, and then puts it in the firem murmuring the Lord’s Prayer backwards – which was a proceed which called for help against an enemy. Magic played a key part in this story; Susan believed that Eustacia was making her son ill, because at the exact moment that he said he was feeling unwell, Eustacia’s dark shadow crossed the light from her house, but this was just a coincidence. Also, in ‘The Return of the Native’, when Eustacia falls into the pool of water near weir, Hardy uses pathetic fallacy, which is when events in the natural world mirror what is going on in the human world. In this case, Eustacia is very depressed and unhappy, so the weather is atrochiously stormy, raining and windy. Because, it has rained so much, the pool has created a whirlpool, and Eustacia falls in. To describe the scene more effectively, Hardy uses metaphors such as: ‘Boiling cauldron’, referring to the whirpool, the current, and emphasising the amount of water in the pool. Hardy’s use of dramatic incident in all three of his stories manage to shape the whole story, especially in ‘The Mayor of Casterbridge’. In think amin the dramatic incident in the extract is when Michael Henchard sells his wife at auction when he becomes drunk. The day after, Michael realises how stupid he has been and vows never to touch another drop of alcohol for however many years as his age. I think this is very effective because the day after Michael sells his wife and baby, he realises that alcohol changed him into something he doesn’t want to be. In ‘The Mayor of Casterbridge’, when Hardy uses dramatic incident, we learn that Hardy builds up suspension before the dramatic climax. When Michael Henchard is trying to sell his wife and baby at auction, nobody will bid the price that he is looking for, then just as Michael is going to withdraw: â€Å"‘Yes. ‘ said a voice from the doorway. ‘ The man in the doorway was in fact, a sailor. He bought Michael’s wife for five guineas, and she left, leaving us with the impression that she is glad that she has got away from her husband at last. Hardy uses lots of dialect to show exactly how Michael Henchard feels about his current state of affairs: â€Å"The woman is no good to me. Who will have her? † When Michael is trying to sell his wife, Hardy describes Michael’s distaste for her effectively, and when he finally does sell her, even the rough country people in the tent are surprised that he let his wife and child go without a second glance. In ‘The Withered Arm’, I think there are two main dramatic incidents: Rhoda Brook’s ‘dream’, and Gertrude’s turning of her blood, when she sees that the young man who has been hanged is, in fact, Rhoda’s son. When Rhoda has a dream that Gertrude visits her to mock her, Gertrude looks ugly and old. Hardy used use of vivid description works effectively in making us understand that Gertrude has come to mock her because Rhoda has been replaced by her in Farmer Lodge’s affections. Hardy’s use of verbs work well in this incident, using words such as ‘thrust’, ‘swung’, and ‘peered cruelly’ to create a feeling of hate between Rhoda and the figure come to visit her at night. The other dramatic incident in ‘The Withered Arm’ is when Gertrude travels to get her arm cured by holding her arm against a newly hanged man’s neck, who is in fact Rhoda’s son. Hardy’s use of dialect again gives and extra depth to the story, when Rhoda walks in when Gertrude’s blood is in the process of being ‘turned’: â€Å"This is the meaning of what Satan showed me in the vision! † Rhoda shouts. Hardy’s use of the word ‘Satan’, emphasizes the hatred Rhoda has for Gertrude and perhaps jealousy, for ‘stealing’ her husband – although Gertrude’s character is kind and gentle. In ‘The Return of the Native’, the main dramatic incident is when Eustacia falls into the whirlpool and Clym Yeobright and Wildeve try to save her, but fail. Three bodies are pulled out, and only one, Clym, survives. Referring again to pathetic fallacy, the weather is awful when Eustacia falls into the ‘boiling cauldron’. The slow realisation that Wildeve was actually holding on to Clym when Diggory Venn was seemingly just pulling Clym out creates images of horror. My favourite story is ‘The Withered Arm’, because I like Hardy’s use of magic in Rhoda’s vision, how Gertrude’s arm became deformed because of this. Gertrude obviously has no idea how this happened. Hardy’s use of vivid description in the book is very effective throughout, but especially in Rhoda’s vision. Rhoda is obsessed with the idea of Farmer Lodge being with another woman, and sends her son to look at Gertrude and report back to her. When he says that Gertrude is shorter that Rhoda, she seems pleased and smug about herself. I like the way how Hardy has interlinked everything, e. g. Rhoda’s son’s father is Farmer Lodge, the young man who was hanged was Rhoda’s son. I think it is a very clever story, and at the end, Gertrude dies at the fright of seeing Rhoda’s son dead, lying limp in the coffin. I think that the story shows that Rhoda is perhaps so obsessed about Farmer Lodge and Gertrude it is almost unhealthy, and because of this, maybe this is why she had the vision in the first place. I learn that Gertrude is forgiving, even though when she went to see Conjuror Trendle and he created the concoction of egg white and water, Rhoda’s image formed. Gertrude was surprised, but she doesn’t question it because she had no idea that Rhoda had anything to do with her arm.

A Comparison of Happiness and Power in Paradise Lost by John Milton and A Dolls House by Henrik Ibsen

A Comparison of Happiness and Power in Paradise Lost by John Milton and A Doll's House by Henrik Ibsen Happiness is a luxury only the powerful can afford. In light of this view compare representations of happiness and power in Paradise Lost and A Doll’s House. (30 marks) In both Paradise Lost and A Doll’s House, to say only those in power truly experience the luxury of happiness would be a somewhat reductive statement. Arguably, there are grounds to argue that Eve, as an embodiment of the weak woman in a patriarchal society, never receives the empowerment she desires, despite all efforts to strive for independence, knowledge and subsequently, happiness. Adam does, however, forgive her towards the end of the poem and their love becomes stronger, perhaps signifying a version of a happy ending. The title of the poem in the first place, however, ‘Paradise Lost’ suggests a loss of complete happiness and fulfilment and due to their own actions, Adam and Eve’s Utopia and Paradise is altered and corrupted. Like Eve, in A Doll’s House, Ibsen’s Nora symbolises the patriarchal stereotype of a supressed woman. Nora openly proclaims that she was never truly happy under the restrictions of her role as a housewife and a moth er, but as she leaves her family in search of herself she arguably becomes empowered. Despite the lack of resolution at the end we, the reader are given the impression that Nora will find, at least a happier life than the one by Torvald’s side. On the other hand, to say Nora’s abandonment of her family makes her powerful could be disputed considering the patriarchal context the play was written in. Nora perhaps does find happiness by leaving her family, but from a patriarchal point of view, for a woman to leave her ‘duties’ as a wife and a mother is a woman abandoning her purpose which, arguably, renders her weak and disempowered. Patriarchal and masculine power is a central theme to both texts which arguably leads to misery, not happiness as the repression of women causes their wives to ‘stray’ in seek of independence. Both men at some point lose the women that they love even if temporarily, thanks to their pride and desperation to hold onto patriarchal power. Arguably, Torvald plays up to this stereotype as the strong heroic protector wishing that ‘sometimes [†¦] some terrible danger might threaten [Nora] so [he] could offer [his] life [his] blood, everything for [her] sake.’ Nick Worrall argued that ‘his security depends on feeling superior,’; and as Torvald indulges in this patriarchal concept of a male hero, this statement rings true, portraying the idea that for a man to feel powerful, they must lure thus power and ‘superior[ity]’ over their wives. It appears, however, that Torvald’s words are false and empty as when faced with the opportuni ty to save his wife by providing the ‘miracle of miracles,’ it seems, he is unable to trade in his pride for the happiness of his marriage. Instead, he declares, ‘no man can be expected to sacrifice his honour, even for the person he loves.’ Arguably, Ibsen intended to use Torvald to represent the gender inequality in the time he was writing, and the importance of patriarchal male pride placed even above the importance of family and marital love. Perhaps by having Nora leave, Ibsen was trying to say that placing too much importance on being the stereotypical masculine figure and neglecting female rights would only lead to unhappiness. Arguably, this is seen where Torvald’s male pride leads to Nora’s realisation that he is not able to provide for her (haven’t you been happy here? / No; never. I used to think I was. But I haven’t ever been happy’) and consequently his misery as she abandons him in search of her freedom. Likewise, following Eve’s transgression (‘she plucked, she ate, earth felt the wound’) Adam is initially unable to put aside his masculine pride for the happiness of their relationship, and so despite maintaining power he does not seem to be presented as happy. This is made apparent when Adam’s address of Eve changes from ‘sole Eve’ to ‘ingrateful Eve’ as he blames and reprimands her: ‘bad woman.’ Like Torvald, Adam is unable to look past Eve’s transgression, which causes him to be bitter rather than happy as arguably, he is driven by his sexism and desire for power, and not his love. Weathers was of the opinion ‘that bitter antifeminism [†¦] accompanies young masculinity,’ a statement which seems to describe not only Adam’s behaviour, reflected by his twisted pet names but Torvald’s too as he also mocks Nora’s femininity with insulting remarks: ‘thoughtless woman.â⠂¬â„¢ In both texts, the male characters use the noun ‘woman’ to reprimand and mock their wife’s gender, arguably, to make themselves feel powerful and therefore happy. This attitude of male superiority was common in both contexts, but particularly in the 1600’s evidenced in Milton’s divorce tracts: ‘who can be ignorant that woman was created for man and not man for woman.’ Arguably, Milton’s views are expressed clearly through Paradise Lost as Eve is supressed and put back in her place, ‘safe and seemliest by her husband’s side’ and we are given the impression that had she listened to her husband, the fall would never have taken place: â€Å"Would thou hadst heartened to my words (Adam).† We see however, that this power, like with Torvald, does not bring happiness but anger and resentment and it is not until Adam is able to forgive his wife, and let go of his pride that he is able to pass the ‘tr ial of exceeding love’ and better their relationship. We see then that for both male characters in these texts, their desire for patriarchal power does not provide them with the luxury of happiness but pushes their wives away and makes them bitter and resentful. For Torvald, he is unable to rectify his relationship and is left at the end of the play miserable, and disempowered, but for Adam, despite the fall and his subsequent disempowerment, his relationship with Eve is reconstructed and we, the reader, is left with the impression that they are happy. On the other hand, the patriarchal stereotype categorises women as weak, yet in both texts, the female characters empower themselves by striving for independence, knowledge and happiness. Towards the end of A Doll’s house especially, we are given the impression that Nora will find happiness as she realises that she has ‘another duty which is equally sacred, a duty towards [herself].’ Jakovlievic argued that ‘Ibsen presents the image of a happy household infested with unhappy performatives’ but arguably, as the play draws to a close this image is shattered and the patriarchal pretences are revealed as Nora states: ‘you were never in love with me, you just thought it was fun to be in love with me.’ Nora’s realisation that her marriage is a faà §ade arguably leads to her decision to step away from her husband in search of independence, knowledge and the happiness those entail. It could be argued that Nora’s search for independ ence indicates Ibsen’s view as a humanist and as some have argued, a ‘proto feminist,’ who believed that it was not a ‘question of women’s rights’ but of ‘human rights.’It seems, however, that though Ibsen’s desire was for gender equality, Nora’s freedom would not have been genuinely possible in Ibsen’s contemporary society. Ibsen’s inspiration for Nora was a friend, Laura Keeler who when stepping out of the confining, patriarchal parameters, was punished by her husband and placed into a mental asylum. It seems then, that though we are given the impression of empowerment and happiness Nora’s journey is not a true representation of what was accessible for women in the 1800’s. Equally, Eve is repressed by the male figures in her society and expected to ‘study household good’ under the role of the 17th century ideal housewife. Like Ibsen’s, Milton’s ideology seems t o run through his text through the presentation of Eve as she is prohibited from gaining knowledge such power that comes with it. This seems to mirror Milton’s attitude towards women, who in his own life had forbidden his daughters from a full education. As a result, it seems that unlike Nora, Eve does not triumph in her search for independence but instead is laid with the consequences of the fall: pain in child birth, mortality and the gift to future generations of hereditary sin, ‘who might have lived and joyed immortal bliss.’ Despite these consequences, however, as book 9 commences one of Eve’s main arguments for ‘divid [ing their] labours’ is to escape the threat of the tempter, Satan (‘how are we happy, still in fear of harm.’) As Satan is the most penalised, admonished to hell, subject to the constant temptation of fruit that turns to ash, despite Eve’s inability to achieve independence, the removal and punishment of Satan does dissipate the perpetual fear of ‘the evil one’ and allow herself and Adam to live together in peace, harmony and happiness. Overall, we are given the impression that through a journey towards independence, Nora will find a sense of freedom and happiness in the future. Eve’s search for independence is not a source of empowerment as she is ladled with the consequences of the fall and forcibly placed back at her husband’s side, we do, however, get the impression that without power Eve is still able to find some peace and happiness, as the threat of Satan is no longer a genuine one and her relationship with Adam is reconciled. In conclusion, the men in these texts would have been expected by their contemporary audiences to wield masculine power as patriarchal figures. It seems however, that their desire to hold onto thus power restricts them from a happy life, as it drives their wives away in search of independence. Adam is able to reconcile with his wife and ultimately be happy again but arguably, Ibsen uses Torvald to suggest that those who are not willing to share their power will never be able to put aside their pride for the sake of love and happiness. The women in these texts demonstrate that independence and knowledge is a source of power and happiness, but where Nora is able to receive what appears to be a happy ending, Eve is put back in her place and ladled with the consequences of the fall. Eve, though completely disempowered does seem to find some sense of happiness, as she and Adam are able to reconcile their differences, and without the threat of Satan can live their lives in harmony.

Kalamazoo River PCB content or Oil Spill Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Kalamazoo River PCB content or Oil Spill - Essay Example It stretches across several states, and drains into Lake Michigan. The rivers course covers about 178 miles and its median flow is about 2000 cubic feet per second. The archeological artifacts show the use of this river by humans for a period of over 10000 years. The river is home to abundant aquatic life and a natural habitat for several fish species. It has ponds and a natural scene that is conducive for most aquatic invertebrates. The river has though undergone a lot of pollution from industrial wastes in the past. Despite the continued efforts to clean the river of industrial wastes, the presence of chemicals left behind by previous pollution is still a setback to the efforts. A major oil spill that occurred in the Kalamazoo River in 2010 spelled a major disaster as a broken pipeline leaked a million gallons of diluted bitumen into the river. The occurrence sparked the most costly cleanup operation in the history of the United States. It took over 750 million dollars to clean up the leak, but the long term effects still remain to date. The Alliance for Great Lakes blames the leaks on companies trying to minimize costs and use of substandard pipelines, which lack proper maintenance. Oil spills are a major cause of worry in relation to the effects they have on the environment, oil in its form inhibits penetration of gases and can easily suffocate marine by cutting oxygen supply. After the oil spill, the Kalamazoo had dead fish all over the surface; fishing activities ban for some time affected the livelihood of the people. Enbridge Energy Partners came under criticism, as they owned the pipeline. The effects of the Kalamazoo oil spill are both direct and indirect. The spill led to the closure of sections of the river for dredging. The dredging works cost Enbridge more than the insurance cover they had undertaken and was subject to many legal battles. They also came under public criticism due to closure of sections which used by many people. The slow pace of t he cleanup exercise too attracted public criticism and dissatisfaction. It ended up bringing back the subject of pollution experienced previously on the river, according to a survey AGL conducted people complained of companies being allowed time to conduct more research on the effects rather than concentrating on removal of the toxic wastes from the river. The presence of carcinogenic chemicals like polychlorinated biphenyl’s from wastes of landfills left by paper mills from recycled carbonless paper a now illegal chemical. Despite a major cleanup exercise, AGL believes everything changed after the leak. Some people vacated the area; others still live in uncertainty and are unsure of what long-term effects to expect. The land along the shores soaks with oil and solid materials still float along the riverbed. The scars of the disastrous spill are still visible. The period it takes to clean up an oil spill completely is hard to tell especially on such a large water body. The ef fect on wildlife is under research and turtles and ducks submerged in oil. The effect of this oil coating on feathers and turtle shells is may cause a change in breeding patterns, a negative effect on the animal’s reproduction or even damage to organs in their bodies. The uncertainty breeds anxiety on the actual impact expected to result. There is a drastic change in the food chain, and already there is a drastic reduction of fish in the most affected parts of the river. Certain insects

Hobbes's key Philosophical contributions to social and political Research Paper

Hobbes's key Philosophical contributions to social and political Philisophy - Research Paper Example This, in its turn, logically resulted in the second provision which is attributed to the philosopher in question: the concept of war of all against all (Bobbio 41). Finally, there is another contribution which should be marked in particular: Hobbes suggested that religion should play a lesser role in explaining the state of social affairs which led to decrease of role of religion in science in general. As for the political dimension of his legacy, one should point out that this philosopher advocated the idea of a social contract that all the people concluded in order to stop the chaos around them. In addition to that, this idea is closely connected to the considerations about the positive role of an absolute monarch which embodied the power which the other people were not able to resist (Lloyd 289). In other words, the institute of monarchy that is condemned by the modern democratic society is what Hobbes valued rather

Unit 4 DB Introduction to American Court System Essay

Unit 4 DB Introduction to American Court System - Essay Example This decision is based on the irrefutable availability of sufficient evidence for legal documents necessary for commencing prosecution. Further discretion at this stage relates to the decision to offer legal agreement to the charged suspect on the basis that he or she confesses their guilt and opt not to stand trial. At the trial stage the prosecutor’s role pertains to disclosing all evidence to the defense council pertaining to the suspect’s case. Moreover, at the serving and sentencing stage the law enforcement officer is charged with the discretion of acting of as parole officers of sentenced criminals that have been selected for possible freedom based on their character (Mellili, 1992). The judge exercises discretion at the trial stage by leading the court proceedings against the charged suspect. At the sentencing stage, the judge exercises his or her discretion after the defendant is found guilty after a plea of guilt or judgment by the jury. Consequently, the judge dispenses the sentencing laws cognizant with the crime charged. Furthermore, the judge exercises discretion at the appeal stage. At the instigation by the defense counsel of the sentenced defendant, an appeal may be issued and reviewed a judge in the appellate court (Mellili, 1992). Furthermore, a different judge will lead the proceedings of a new trial based on the review and approval of an appellate court. Some of the guidelines that are in force to limit the discretion powers of enforcement officers include the limit on excessive force while making arrest. This is in light of the possibility of the officers to use police brutality on unarmed and powerless suspects such as racial minorities (U.S Department of Justice, 2012). . On the part of the judges, guidelines that could be used in limiting their discretion pertain to issues of sentencing. These include sentencing structures that limit and regulate the punishment

Unit 5 discussion Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Unit 5 discussion - Research Paper Example In the case of Bedford Mountain parenting program one could debate that there might have been preconceived thoughts about the program’s success. In Maritza’s case, it is important for the funding agency to understand the purpose of the program. The findings in this case should be presented and explained clearly to the founder. According to Royse et al. (2010) this evaluation’s findings are intended for knowledge development. They are exempted from scrutiny by IRB (p.49). Despite this; it is good for the evaluator to share her plans with the nearest IRB for guidance. It is also crucial for the evaluator to review how others addressed this problem and apply ethical principles to the situation. Maritza should consult with her supervisor on the evaluation and objectively discuss the way forward as the program collides with politics of funding and the need to be addressed. Maritza should not compromise on the findings but should present her findings in such a way that they capture the pros and cons of the program and give recommendations for it. This type of data ought to be shared with the funding agency and her immediate supervisor. Evaluators are urged not to be complacent even in the midst of political, financial or personal interest but maintain neutrality and exercise their ability to report accurate

The Artifact Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Artifact - Essay Example There were a lot of questions that I had about the economic feasibility of the product in my book. Thirdly, I wondered what was the point of buying kindle? I love books and everything related-from the smell of the printed paper to the binding and the placing bookmarks in the book by folding it on the corners. It was the entire sensory experience of reading a book that I loved. However after a lot of foresight and fore-thought, I finally bought Kindle. I started of reading it every night before sleeping, the way I’d do so with my normal books. It was later I realized how important Kindle is to me. It became an addiction. I could not sleep without spending a good fifteen-thirty minutes without being enthralled in it initially. This was just the beginning. Soon those minutes turned into hours and I was eventually spending 2-3 hours on the kindle. In the next 2 weeks my involvement with the Kindle had transformed into a deep rooted love-from 15 minutes to 2-3 hours. Things did not stop there. I loved the way I could carry the kindle in my bag without over-burdening. Soon, I started carrying it everywhere I would go to. I just couldn’t stand the idea of being bored. If I would get bored, Kindle would come to my rescue. I was that addicted to the device. I love the device primarily because the convenience it offers of not just reading it but for being my respite from the real world. There are times when I am down and out; when I don’t feel like talking to anyone. When I feel that I need to be left alone. That is when the Kindle comes to my rescue. It is my favorite companion and my solace from the miseries of the real world. The best part about it is that it is hassle free. Except for the initial investment, it costs you zilch in terms of convenience of handling it later on. It is wonderful to have a book handy at all times while waiting for a dentist, an appointment or at the spa. Anything that requires you to wait, you can do with the kindle. T oday I read waiting in the line while I am at grocery store. Let’s just put it this way, Kindle has become an integral part of my being. It is a must accessory for me, it is an extension of my right hand and I am more worried to keep the kindle with me, then about wearing the right make up. I like the way the kindle hibernates with just a click once I am done reading. I love the convenience of reading up a word in the dictionary and then returning back to my book while reading on kindle. Kindle has also made inroads in improving the speed at which I read. Now I can turn a page at a click. The most enticing part about kindle for me is the way it helps me make notes and highlights at the end of the book. It helps me share key points of the book with others, my review and what I feel about it; vent out my frustration about a particular plot, character or even pour it in why I loved that particular plot or character. In-short, Kindle offers me one of the most exciting and interes ting reading experiences ever. (Walkman) My biggest amusement with the Kindle, that I have not yet unveiled it has built up the tolerance level in me to pique through mindless plots and love stories without having to worry about people around me catching me reading a book with a trashy cover. No one really has to know, what I am reading and why I am reading it. It offers me complete privacy and I love this most about it. (Mollywood) Works Cited Mollywood. Kindle fire an ipad killer. 28 9 2011. 11 10 2011

Reformists or Fundamentalists for Iran Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Reformists or Fundamentalists for Iran - Essay Example This difference leaves the citizen with a choice to make in a democratic nation like Iran (Koontz 98). No party is said to be perfect in their ideas since, in either side, there are both positive and negative effects. However, having compared the goals ideologies and their take on religion, I will advocate for the reformists. This paper seeks to examine the main agenda of the reformists compared to those of the fundamentalists by analyzing their respective ideology, theocracy and religion. The goals that the reformists seek to achieve make them distinct from the fundamentalists. Their main objective is to preserve theocracy in the country. They put emphasis on the need of bringing certain democratic reforms into existence (Koontz 25). Every Iranian should be aware of his or her right accordingly and no one should be discriminated in regards to the gender or the tribe. For instance, in this years elections’ campaigns the reformists who had found refuge in the West due to p ost-election repression of 2009, had come up with a competing discourses as to what reform should be composed of and how an Islamic Republic should look like (Seifzadeh 254). This, according to me makes reformists admirable than the fundamentalists, who base their theocracy on the belief that not all people are equal. To illustrate the theocracy of the fundamentalists, we examine on their belief about the nature of women and men and their roles in society. They argue that, in Iran, women are inferior to men both mentally and physically. Their duties were restricted to child bearing and nurturing prescribed by their biological determinism. They were also to ensure comfort and satisfaction to their husbands. The Fundamentalists sought to suppress the roles performed by women and enhanced control of men over women. They ensured that their visibility in public was not guaranteed. This is not a true picture of a democratic country

Disadvantages of television Essay Example for Free

Disadvantages of television Essay It is believed that television is one of the successful invention in this era. At first, television is used to transfer information from all over the world in the fastest speed. Nowadays, television has entered another stage, there are many shopping mall selling high-definition televisions. Other than first hand information, television provides us entertainment and knowledge. There are sitcoms, documentary, drama, sports, movie, etc. Nonetheless, is it good or not? This time, let us talk about the advantages and disadvantages of watching television. Like some people, I love watching television when I have spare time. In 21st century, watching television has been becoming a popular activity other than sports, or playing video games. Nevertheless, did you notice how many hours do you spend on watching television every day? And did you choose a suitable programme for yourself? Surprisingly, the average of an American watch television for 7 hours and 15 minutes per day. And this figured out how many people has already been invaded by television. Read more: Advantages of television essay Watching television is really a waste of time. Those for whom watching television 8 hours a day. They waste 56 hours a week, then they waste about 240 hours a month, and they waste about 2900 hours a year. As if we can make good you use of these 2900 hours, we can learn knowledge from books, can make ourselves more healthy. Also, television programme are not suitable for everyone. Violence and sexual materials affect the growth of children and teens. If their parents do not teach them, their children may result in committing crimes. Moreover, if their parents did not tell their children not to open the volume too loud or watching television in a longer distance, it may also hurt their ears and eyes easily. Furthermore, students who watch television more than 2 hours everyday, it may affect their academic because they have no longer concern about their study

Online Patient Appointment Reservation System

Online Patient Appointment Reservation System Online Patient Appointment Reservation System Literature Review Definitions Health informatics or medical informatics is the intersection of information science, computer science, and health care. It deals with the resources, devices, and methods required for optimizing the acquisition, storage, retrieval, and use of information in health and biomedicine. Health informatics tools include not only computers but also clinical guidelines, formal medical terminologies, and information and communication systems [1]. Subdomains of (bio) medical or health care informatics include: clinical informatics, nursing informatics, imaging informatics, consumer health informatics, public health informatics, dental informatics, clinical research informatics, bioinformatics, veterinary informatics, pharmacy informatics and healthcare management informatics. Health Information System The earliest use of computation for medicine was for dental projects in the 1950s at the United States National Bureau of Standards by Robert Ledley. The next step in the mid 1950s were the development of expert systems such as MYCIN and INTERNIST-I. In 1961, a major career change occurred when Morris F. Collen, abruptly went from medical practice into medical computing. The primary goal was to develop a comprehensive health care information system to provide an integrated, continuing patient medical record [2]; Dr. Sidney Garfield decided In 1965, the National Library of Medicine started to use MEDLINE and MEDLARS. At this time, Neil Pappalardo, Curtis Marble, and Robert Greenes developed MUMPS (Massachusetts General Hospital Utility Multi-Programming System) in Octo Barnetts Laboratory of Computer Science at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston. In the 1970s and 1980s it was the most commonly used programming language for clinical applications. The MUMPS operating system was used to support MUMPS language specifications. As of 2004, a descendent of this system is being used in the United States Veterans Affairs hospital sys tem. The VA has the largest enterprise-wide health information system that includes an electronic medical record, known as the Veterans Health Information Systems and Technology Architecture or VistA. A graphical user interface known as the Computerized Patient Record System (CPRS) allows health care providers to review and update a patients electronic medical record at any of the VAs over 1,000 health care facilities. In the 1970s a growing number of commercial vendors began to market practice management and electronic medical records systems. Although many products exist only a small number of health practitioners use fully featured electronic health care records systems. Homer R. Warner, one of the Fathers of Medical Informatics, founded the Department of Medical Informatics at the University of Utah in 1968, and the American Medical Informatics Association (AMIA) has an award named after him on application of informatics to medicine [3]. The US HIPAA of 1996, regulating privacy and medical record transmission, created the impetus for large numbers of physicians to move towards using (Electronic Medical Record) EMR software, primarily for the purpose of secure medical billing. The US is making progress towards a standardized health information infrastructure. In 2004 the US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) formed the Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology (ONCHIT) [4], headed by David J. Brailer, M.D., Ph.D. The mission of this office is widespread adoption of interoperable electronic health records (EHRs) in the US within 10 years. See quality improvement organizations for more information on federal initiatives in this area. Brailer resigned from the post in April, 2006 [5]. The Certification Commission for Healthcare Information Technology (CCHIT), a private nonprofit group, was funded in 2005 by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services to develop a set of standards for electronic health records (EHR) and supporting networks, and certify vendors who meet them. In July, 2006 CCHIT released its first list of 22 certified ambulatory EHR products, in two different announcements. [6] [7]. In Hong Kong a computerized patient record system called the Clinical Management System (CMS) has been developed by the Hospital Authority since 1994. This system has been deployed at all the sites of the Authority (40 hospitals and 120 clinics), and is used by all 30,000 clinical staff on a daily basis, with a daily transaction of up to 2 millions. The comprehensive records of 7 million patients are available on-line in the Electronic Patient Record (ePR), with data integrated from all sites. Since 2004 radiology image viewing has been added to the ePR, with radio graphy images from any HA site being available as part of the ePR. Pekka Loula and Jaakkola Hannu discussed the concept of virtual hospital and telemedicine as a part of daily hospital operations [8]. The concept of the virtual hospital is analyzed by using business, application and technology point of views. In 2005, Byeong-il Lee, Jeong Min Ham, Ki soo Park, Su-Ho Ok, Jong Min Kim and Heoug Kook Choi, [9] Proposed a system for patient scheduling in a department of nuclear medicine. Regarding Ambulatory Care, N.H. Lovell, K. Balakrishnamoorthy, D. Le and J. Paleologos from Australia developed a user friendly, database-driven system accessible via internet, which replaced the current paper-based system [10]. Some Japanese researchers: Kabushiki Kaish, Kosaku Hideki, Kurihara Tsuyoshi and Suzuye Takehiko [11] developed an integrated system containing medical information providing system, hospital reception method, medical information database and patient terminal for reception of ho spital. Vipool K. Goradia, M.D. found that the documentation affects patient care, physician efficiency, and ultimately affects the accuracy of coding [12]. Bibliography [1] http://en.wikipedia.org [2] Collen MF, HEALTH CARE INFORMATION SYSTEMS A Personal Historical Review, Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program Oakland, California, ACM 1987. [3] Hall of Fame of Utah Technology Council, retrieved March 17, 2008 [4] US Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology (ONCHIT) [5] http://www.linuxmednews.org Linux Medical News [6] Certification Commission for Healthcare Information Technology (July 18, 2006): CCHIT Announces First Certified Electronic Health Record Products Retrieved July 26, 2006. [7] Certification Commission for Healthcare Information Technology (July 31, 2006):CCHIT Announces Additional Certified Electronic Health Record Products Retrieved July 31, 2006 [8] Loula Pekka, Jaakkola Hannu, Managing a Virtual Hospital, IEMC 96, IEEE 1996. [9] Byeong-il Lee, Jeong Min Ham, Ki SOO Park, Su-Ho Ok, Jong Min Kim, Heoug Kook Choi, Development of the Investigation Scheduling System Using Mobile Phone Utilization of the Department of Nuclear Medicine 2005, IEEE. [10] N.H. Lovell, K. Balakrishnamoorthy, D. Le, J. Paleologos ,Design of an internet-enabled hospital in the home information system for Ambulatory Care, Proceeding of the 23rd Annual EMBS International Conference 2001. [11] Kabushiki Kaish, Kosaku Hideki, Kurihara Tsuyoshi and Suzuye Takehiko, Medical information providing system, medical information providing method, hospital reception method, medical information database, and patient terminal for reception of hospital. [12] Vipool K. Goradia, M.D., Electronic Medical Records for the Arthroscopic Surgeon, Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic and Related Surgery, Vol 22, No 2 (February), 2006: pp 219-224.

Tennessee Williams Life Story Portrayed in The Glass Menagerie Essay

Tennessee Williams' Life Story Portrayed in The Glass Menagerie Tennessee Williams' play, The Glass Menagerie, originated in the memory of Williams. Williams' family embodied his father, Cornelius Williams, his mother, Edwina Dakin Williams, his sister, Rose Williams, and his younger brother, Dakin Williams. Cornelius was an alcoholic, always away from home; Tennessee and Cornelius did not have a strong relationship, "By the late 1920s, mother and father were in open warfare, and both were good combatants. He came home drunk and picked up a bill-perhaps for Tom's clothing or schoolbooks-and he'd fly into rage."(Spoto, 18). Edwina, on the other hand, revered "refinement and the good manners of Southern gentry." (Barron's Book Notes, 2). Tennessee adored Rose immensely and were close as they could be. The Glass Menagerie is based on a mother and her two children who live in a dream world away from society. Williams' play is drawn heavily upon his family life and experiences; they are very much parallel to the events that occur in Williams' lif e. Tom is modeled after Tennessee, an ardent poet who works in a shoe factory; Williams was passionate about writing, "He[Cornelius] saw that Tom devoted to his writing as unnatural for a boy his age†¦ worse, Tom did not have companions among boys of his own age, not did he participate in sports."(Leverich, 82). Tom tries to support his mother and sister by working in a shoe factory even though he dreams to become a poet. His mother disapproved of him writing as well as his father, "Despite Tom's being published, Cornelius persisted in his belief that his son was wasting his time and should be thinking of a more practical way of making a living."(Leverich, 82). Tennesse felt so doleful and devastatingly miserable that he did not know another way of escaping reality but to write, "At the typewriter he transformed the confusion, the bitterness, the longings into poems, and for a time he cracked out a diary in which he recorded little anecdotes about St. Louis street life."(Spoto, 20). Williams's character, in like manner, felt that same emptiness, "He[Tom] is a poet by nature and feels that his environment is destroying his creative abilities."(Cliff Notes, 9). Amanda Wingfield mirror images Williams's mother, Edwina Dakin Williams. Both of these women... ...'s Book Notes). Laura and Tom do not like the dismal atmosphere of the apartment, "The new apartment had only two small windows, in the front and in the rear rooms, and a fire escape blocked the smoky light from a back alley."(Spoto, 16). Tom uses the fire escape as a break from the real world, "As he climbs the few steps to the fire escape landing light steals up inside†¦At last he find the key, but just as he is about to insert it, it slips from his fingers. He strikes a match and crouches below the door."(Williams, 55). Williams' play, The Glass Menagerie, is drawn heavily upon Williams' family life and experiences; they are very much parallel to the events that occur in Williams' life. Tennessee's and Tom's whole life revolved around their mother and sister. They were struggling with life's cruel realities which they were not able to face and defeat, but instead, ran away from. Tom can not lose his memories of Laura. He needed to find his own identity and try to find a place for himself in the world.(Barron's Book Notes). If he had stayed with his mother and sister, their illusions and dreams would have deceived him.

Big Cats in Asia Essay -- Animal Research

The relationship between human beings and the environment has always been in conflict. Our world these days is based on the economy and the ambitious interest people have in leaving nature behind. Nowadays, business is growing and so is the population, people’s priority is to make as much money as possible, but do they really care about the environment around them? Our greediness for money has led us to destroy forests and animal niches. However, there might still be hope for animals that were taken from their habitat to start over again, in a very slow process by stopping deforestation and increasing conservation areas. This essay is focused on the conflicts between the Siberian tigers human modified environment they now live in, and how this has been affecting them periodically to the point of becoming endangered, and how people around the world are trying to help by restoring their habitat. Tigers in crisis news write â€Å"almost all wild Siberian tigers live in the Southeast corner of Russia in the Sikhote-Alin mountain range east of the Amur River. Their range also includes northeastern of China and the Korean peninsula, and as far west as Mongolia. It is consider critically endangered species with the primary threats to its survival in the wild being poaching and habitat loss from intensive logging and development. It is estimated that the wild population of Siberian tigers at around 350-450 tigers†. (Introduction). Like Ruth Ashby said, â€Å"Once there were eight sub species of tigers today there are three of them†(22) Tigers occupy just 7% of their historic range due to the increase of population over the average global rate across the majority of the tiger’s habitat, therefore current tiger habitat extents through one of the mo... ...rticles/Killed%20for%20Cure%20-%20Trade%20in%20Tiger%20Bone.pdf>. O'Brien, T. G., Kinnaird, M. F. and Wibisono, H. T. (2003), Crouching tigers, hidden prey: Sumatran tiger and prey populations in a tropical forest landscape. Animal Conservation, 6: 131–139. doi: 10.1017/S1367943003003172 Sandberg, L. Anders, and Tor Sandberg. A Practical Environmental Education. Climate Change: Who's Carrying the Burden? : the Chilly Climates of the Global Environment Dilemma. Ottawa, ON: Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives, 2010. 195-96. Print. Siberian Tiger at Tigers in Crisis." Tigers in Crisis - Information About Earth's Endangered Tigers. Web. . Wittier, John Greenleaf. "The Worship of Nature." The Complete Poetical Works of John Greenleaf Whittier. H.E.S ed. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1894. 141. Print. Reprinted

Policies In Atlantic Canada :: essays research papers

From the period of early contact from 1534-1736 it was concluded that Indian religion was useless and therefor did not pose an impediment in the process of converting Indians to Christianity. The process of conversion included a period of persuasion and instruction followed by baptism. The French missions were successful in areas where there was permanent Aboriginal settlement. These efforts influenced all areas of social policy especially the belief that all Aboriginals should be converted to Christianity. The period of the Royal Proclamation from 1783-1839 was a result of British Military policy that recognized the importance of First Nation allies in the victory over France. In 1755 during the initial stages of the war, the British developed an Indian department with a complete suerintendent of Indian Affairs. This was not successful in preventing colonists from appropriating First Nation land. When Britain was successful in the war with France, France ceded most of it’s North American territory and the First Nations were not satisfied being under British rule. This led to Pontiacs rebellion where several British forts were captured. The Royal Proclamation was essentially drafted on the advice of the colony concerning measures to reconcile with First Nations. It was the first constitution under British rule that recognized that the territory outside of the colonial boundaries was reserved as hunting grounds for First Nations. The Royal Proclamation was the legal base for British-Indian policy. The transition of the Royal Proclamation into Canadian social policy occurred when colonial correspondents indicated that First Nations were not longer military allies. Colonial policies were changed by an administration aimed at civilizing First Nations way of life. Of particular importance was the schooling of First Nation children. Gifts that were originally used to compensate for land surrendered to the British were now conditional on the basis of whether or not First Nation parents sent their kids to school. Those parents who did not abide by this rule were subject to criminal charges.

Athens Under Solon

When the city of Athens stood on the brink of revolution, the citizens of Athens looked upon Solon and gave him the task of creating new laws for them because of troubles that had been plaguing them for a long time. â€Å" They saw that he more than anyone else in city, stood apart from the injustices of the time and was involved neither in the extortions of the rich nor the privations of the poor† (Plutarch 55, Par 1). In this paper I will be writing of changes that took effect under Solon and whether those changes resolved the conflicts that brought Athens on the brink of revolution.First, I will be writing about the conflict over land ownership and slavery between aristocrats and common people, who appointed Solon as reconciler and archon and whether his new laws resolved those conflicts. Secondly, I will be writing of conflict over power between aristocrats and aristocrats, feuds that used to run between families and would not get resolved until there was no one left to ta ke revenge on and how Solon’s new laws changed that. And another laws of Solon’s that he was highly appraised for to make an Athens better place under him such as laws on Dowry, Inheritance, and Wills.Thirdly, I will be writing of political laws that took places under Solon’s era and how he secured those laws against alteration for a hundred years that gave powers to common people in Athens. The Two sources I will be using to write this paper are The Athenian Constitution (The document given in class by Prof. Trumbach) and Plutarch: The Rise and fall of Athens (Textbook assigned for class). Aristocrats vs. Peasants Before I write about the conflict between the aristocrats and the common people, you must know the geographical system of Athens and the people who worked on those lands and how that contributed to the conflict. The city of Athens was divided into as many parties as there were geographical features in its territory. First there were aristocrats, peopl e who lived in plain, who supported an oligarchy government and had the best and most fertile land (The Athenian Constitution 2). The party of the hill (Peasants with land on the hill) supported an extreme democracy so the new government can redistribute the land and they can have some of the fertile land which was all owned by aristocrats.Their land was so unfertile that sometimes they had to eat their own seed to survive due to bad harvest and borrow seeds from aristocrats and pledge their own freedom. When they were unable to pay back their debt, they were seized by their creditors and being enslaved at home or were sold to foreigners aboard. Many parents were even forced to sell their own children because there was no law to prevent that from happening (The Athenian Constitution 2). Then there were sharecroppers (Thetes) who supported a mixed form of government. These were the peasants who had no lands of their own and rented a land from aristocrats.As a rent they would pay one sixth of their crop which left them with just enough crop to survive. Sharecroppers lived on very tight budget. They were always left over with just enough to survive year to year and had no social mobility whatsoever. They were born poor and died poor. The City stood at the brink of revolution and the poor people could not take any more harshness from their creditors† (Plutarch 54, Par 2). â€Å"At this point poor rose against notables, the strife was fierce but they held out against each other for very long time.Eventually tired from fighting both sides agreed to appoint Solon as reconciler and archon and entrusted the Athens to him† (The Athenian Constitution 2). â€Å"After gaining control, first measure Solon put into force, he discharged all the debts of common people whether it was public or private that they owed to aristocrats which the Athenians called the â€Å"Shaking-off of Burden†. He freed all enslaved and put in a law that in future nobody could accept the person of a debtor as a security† (The Athenian Constitution 3).Hill peasants were now free from slavery and debt but their problems were still not solved. They wanted Solon to redistribute the land which he did not do, but instead he made Olive oil the only product of Athens allowed to be exported. So if there was anything extra leftover from the farms of aristocrats, they had no choice but to give to starving poor and Hill peasants. If anyone were to export anything but oil be punished by archon or should pay fine to the public treasury† (Plutarch 66, Par 3). After making Attica a great and secure place to live, he realized that the city was filling up with people in a steady stream from everywhere in Greek; at the same time he realized that most of the country was still poor and unproductive, and people elsewhere are not in the habit of sending their goods to those who have nothing to offer in exchange.He therefore encouraged the sharecroppers to turn to th e arts and crafts of manufacture and made a law that no son was obliged to support his father unless the father first taught the son a trade of some kind† (Plutarch 64, Par 2). At first, the changes Solon made did not please either party. The rich were angry because of being deprived of their securities and losing out on their property and the poor even more so, because Solon did not carry out a redistribution of the land as they had expected him to do† (Plutarch 58, Par 2). However, it was not long before they realized that what Solon had done was great and saw the advantages of his policy. Athenians were so happy that they went on to appoint Solon to reform the constitution and draw up a code of laws.No limit was set to his powers and every function of the state was committed to his charge, the magistracies, the public assemblies, the courts of law and the Councils. He had authority to decide the property qualifications, the numbers and the times of meeting of each of these bodies and also to preserve or dissolve all existing institution as he thought fit. Aristocrats vs. Aristocrats After Solon became the authority figure and champion of people, he established a constitution and formed other laws to make Athens better place to live.Athens had long been troubled by the blood-feuds of aristocrat’s families that had been trying to gain political control of the city, which in Solon time were the families of Cylon and Megacles. Family of Cylon wanted to seize the control of Athens and Megacles’ family wanted to stop them. At the time of Solon this feud was at its height and the city was torn between them. So after Solon came to mediate between them and Megacles’ family was found guilty, he enacted a new law to protect common people. â€Å"He gave every citizen the privilege of going to law on behalf of any one whose rights was violated.For instance, if a man was assaulted or suffered violence or injury, anybody who had the abili ty and the desire to do so was entitled to bring a suit and prosecute the offender. In this way every citizens of Athens come close to each other and sympathize with one another’s wrong and became loyal to each other and not just to their friends and families† (Plutarch 60, Par 2). â€Å"Seeing that the city was always in a state of strife and some tyrant is always trying to take control of the city and some of the citizens through apathy accepted whatever might happen, Solon made a special law to deal with them.If when the city is torn by a feud and anyone should refuse to place his arms at the disposal of either side should be outlawed and have no share in the city† (The Athenian Constitution 4). â€Å"Solon was admired for another law that he made which deals with Will. Before Solon wills were not allowed and if someone who owns the property dies, the estate of the deceased was bound to remain within his family. However, Solon allowed any man who had no child ren to choose their heir, showing that he rated friendship above the ties of blood and free choice above necessity† (Plutarch 63, Par 3). In another law, Solon abolished dowries. The bride had to bring nothing but three changes of clothes and small necessity of small value to her new home. Solon object was that marriage is pure and it should not be seen as profit- making institution, two people should get married to gain each other’s love and affection not property† (Plutarch 62, Par 2). â€Å"Solon also forbade slaves to rub themselves with olive oil, to practice in the gym or to have a boy lover.He made this law so the young aristocrats’ boys hang out with people only in their class, with people who can teach them the aristocratic ways and educate them for future† (Plutarch 42, Par 2). â€Å"However, Solon’s law concerning women seem incongruous to some extent. For example, he made it illegal to kill any adulterer who was caught in the act. The offence of rape against a free woman was punished by a fine of no more than 100 drachmae. He also made it illegal for a man to sell his daughter or sister, unless he discovered that she was no longer a virgin showing he did not care much about women’s right† (Plutarch 65, Par 3).Political Structure â€Å"As soon Solon gained all the power in Athens, he abolished all the Draconian laws because of their harshness and the excessively heavy penalties they carried; the only exceptions he made were to the laws relating to homicide† (Plutarch 59, Par 2). â€Å"Solon wanted to leave all the offices of state in the hands of the rich, as he found them but at the same time he wanted to give the common people (Thetes) a share in other sector of government which they had never before possessed. So he took a census of each citizen’s property and divided them in four different Categories.Those who received an annual income of 500 measures were placed in the first c lass. People who owned horses and paid ‘horse tax’ or possessed an income of 300 measures were placed in the second class. The third class was People whose yearly income amounted to 200 measures. Rest of the citizen body was known as thetes, common people and peasants. Solon distributed major offices, such as the nine archons, the treasurer, and the sellers among first three classes according to the level of their assessment.People who were considered thetes were not entitled to hold office and their only political function consisted in sitting in the Assembly or on a Jury. First this new changes to the constitution appeared to be worth very little and nobody took much interest in it, but later on became extremely important, because the majority of the disputes were settled in front of a jury and that jury was now consist of 98% common people. Even in those cases which Solon placed under the jurisdiction of the magistrates, he then also allowed the right of appeal to th e popular court.And if the popular court were unable to settle the case in accordance to law, cases then were to be handled by jury, so that in sense the jurors became the arbiters of the law. And because most of bodies in Athens that time were common people, they were the one to hold most position in jury† (Plutarch 60, Par 2). â€Å"Solon then established the council of the Areopagus, which was composed of men who had previously held the annual office of archon, as he was once before. He too became a member of Areopagus. He saw people were becoming restive and unruly because of their release from their debts.He then formed a second chamber consisting of 400 men, 100 being drawn from each of the four classes. Its functions were to deliberate public business in advance of the general assembly, and not to allow any matter to be brought before the Areopagus without its having been discussed. He charged the upper chamber with the task of exercising a general supervision and acti ng as guardian of the laws. His object here was that the state with its two councils should ride, as it were, at double anchor and should therefore be less exposed to the buffetings of party politics and better able to secure tranquility for the people† (Plutarch 61, Par 2). He also made another law that all his laws were to remain in force for a hundred years, and they were written on a axons, or wooden tablets which was covered with a wooden frame for generations to remember† (Plutarch 67, Par 2).In Conclusion, Solon is considered as the first lawmaker that set the ground for the creation of the democracy, the government system that made Athens powerful and granted the city fame for the centuries to come. The most democratic of Solon's enactments were these three: the first, and greatest, the forbidding of loans on the person [i. . using oneself as security for a loan, foreclosure resulting in slavery]; the second, the possibility for anyone who wishes to sue over wron gdoings; and third, reform of the political structure of Athens which gave the power to common people to sit in the jury for the first time eve in the history of Greece. In his reform measures, he pleased neither the common people who wanted the land redistributed nor the landowners who wanted to keep all their property to themselves. Instead, he did what he thought was right for Athens.

Samsung Mobile

A PROJECT REPORT On Consumer Awareness And Satisfaction Towards Samsung Submitted to: Ujjal sandhu (Lect. Dept of Management) Submitted by: Prem Kumar Masters of Business Administration (2nd semester) DR. I. T. GROUP OF INSTITUTES Chandigarh-Patiala Highway, Jalalpur (Banur), Near Chandigarh Affiliated to Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar. 2010-20 CERTIFICATE Certified that this project report â€Å"Consumer Awareness And Satisfaction Towards Samsung. † is the original work, Prem Kumar. , who carried out the project work under my supervision as a part of Assignment of Research Methodology. ______________________ Ms. Ujjal sandhu (Lect. Dept of Management) DECLARATION We hereby declare that the project entitled â€Å"Consumer Awareness And Satisfaction Towards Samsung† submitted for the Assignment of Research Methodology is our original work and the project has not formed the basis for the award of any degree, associateship, fellowship or any other similar titles. S ignature of the Student: _____________________ Prem Kumar Place: Date: ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Heartfelt thanks to the following people†¦. A Few typewritten words of thanks can-not really express the sincerity of my gratitude.But I am still trying to put into words my gratefulness towards all who have helped & encouraged me in carrying out this project. I would like to thank Prof. P P ARYA (Director, DR. IT. ) to give me guidelines and my worthy thanks to my teacher Ms. Ujjal sandhu (Lect. Dept of Management) for their valuable contribution during the academic session and guidance in preparation of this project report. Finally, yet importantly, I would like to express my heartfelt thanks to my beloved parents for their blessings, my friends/classmates for their help and wishes for the successful completion of this project. Name of Students, Prem KumarTable of Content Chapter | Topic| Page Num. | 1| CERTIFICATE| 2| 2| DECLARATION| 3| 3| ACKNOWLEDGEMENT| 4| 4| TABLE OF CONTANT| 5| 5| LIST OF TABLE| 6| 6| Chapter – 1 Introduction| 7| 7| Chapter – 2 Literature Review | 12| 8| Chapter – 3 Research Methodology| 13| 9| Chapter – 4 Result and discussions| 16| 10| Chapter – 5 Finding and Conclusion| 25| 11| Reference| 25| 12| QUESTIONNAIRE| 26| 13| Appendix| 27-28| | | | | | | List of Table Chapter | Topic| Page Num. | 4. 1| Profession| 15| 4. | Do you have a mobile phone| 16| 4. 3| Have you ever heard about samsung| 17| 4. 4| which companies cell phone are you using| 18| 4. 5| In which industry the brand name Samsung is involve. | 19| 4. 6| what is tagline of Samsung| 20| 4. 7| what makes you to buy Samsung| 21| 4. 8| You prefer Samsung because of | 22| 4. 9| will you recommend Samsung to other | 23| 4. 10| acording to you which is close competitor of Samsung| 24| CHAPTER – 1 INTRODUCTION * Consumer A consumer is an individual who purchase or has the capacity to purchasegoods and services offered for sale by marketing institu tions in order to satisfy  personal or ousehold needs,wants or desires. According to a statement made by Mahatma Gandhi, ‘consumer refers to the following, â€Å"A consumer is  the most important visitor on our premises. He isnot dependent on us. We are dependent on him. He is not an outsider to our  Ã‚  business. He is part of it. We are not doing him a favour by serving him. He is doing us a favour by giving us an opportunity to do so† So  consumer  is  like  the  blood  of  our  business  and  also  a satisfied customer is a word of mouth advertisement of a product / services * Customer satisfaction: Satisfaction is the person’s feelings of pleasure or disappointment resulting rom comparing a product’s perceived in relation to his or her expectations. In general, if performance of the products matches the expectations, the customer is said to be satisfied. Customer satisfaction, a business term, is a measure of how products a nd services supplied by a company meet or surpass customer expectations. In a competitive marketplace where business complete for customers, customer satisfaction is seen as a key differentiator and increasingly has become a key element of business strategy. If performance exceeds expectations, the customer is said to be highly satisfied or delighted.If the performance falls short of expectations, the customer is said to be dissatisfied. * INDUSTRY PROFILE In 1977  Samsung Electronics  launched the Telecommunication Network , and in 1983 it initiated its  mobile  telecommunications business with the hope that this would become the company's future growth engine. In 1986, Samsung was able to release its first built-in car phone, the SC-100, but it was a failure due to the poor quality. In spite of unsuccessful result Ki Tae Lee, the then-head of the Wireless Development Team, decided to stay in the mobile business. He asked the company to buy ten  Motorola  mobile phones for  benchmarking.After 2 years of R;amp;D Samsung developed its first mobile phone (or â€Å"hand phone† in Korea), the SH-100 in 1988. It was the first mobile phone to be designed and manufactured in Korea. But the perception of mobile devices was very low and although Samsung introduced new models every year, each model sold only one or two thousand units. Samsung Telecommunications  is one of five business units within  Samsung Electronics belonging to the  Samsung Group, and consists of the Mobile Communications Division, Telecommunication Systems Division, Computer Division, MP3 Business Team, Mobile Solution Centre and Telecommunication R;amp;D Centre.Telecommunication Business produces a full spectrum of products from  mobiles  and other mobile devices such as  MP3  players and  laptop computers to telecommunication network infrastructure. Headquarters is located in  Suwon  South Korea In 2007 Samsung Telecommunication Business reported over 40% growth and became the second largest mobile device manufacturer in the world. Its market share was 14% in Q4 2007, growing up form 11. 3% in Q4 2006. At the end of November 2011, Samsung sold more than 300 million mobile devices and set still in secondSAMSUNG In India Samsung Electronics commenced its operations in India in December 1995 and is today a leading provider of Consumer Electronics , IT and Telecom products in the Indian market. Samsung India is the Regional Headquarters for Samsung’s South West Asia operations, which provides employment to over 8,000 employees with around 6,000 employees being involved in R;amp;D. In 2010, Samsung India achieved a sales turnover of US$3. 5 billion.Samsung began operations in India through its manufacturing complex located at Noida (UP), which today houses facilities for Colour Televisions (including 3D, LED and LCD Televisions), Mobile Phones, Refrigerators, Washing Machines and Split Air Conditioners categories. Samsung Electroni cs commenced its operations in India in December 1995 and is today a leading provider of Consumer Electronics , IT and Telecom products in the Indian market. Samsung India is the Regional Headquarters for Samsung’s South West Asia operations, which provides employment to over 8,000 employees with around 6,000 employees being involved in R;amp;D.In 2010, Samsung India achieved a sales turnover of US$3. 5 billion. Samsung began operations in India through its manufacturing complex located at Noida (UP), which today houses facilities for Colour Televisions (including 3D, LED and LCD Televisions), Mobile Phones, Refrigerators, Washing Machines and Split Air Conditioners categories. Samsung commenced operations of its second state–of-the-art manufacturing complex at Sriperumbudur, Tamil Nadu in November 2007. Today, the Sriperumbudur facility manufactures Colour televisions, Fully Automatic Front Loading Washing Machines, Refrigerators and Split Air Conditioners.Samsung Ind ia has two R;amp;D Centres in India – at Delhi and Bangalore . While the Delhi R;amp;D Centre develops software solutions for hi-end televisions such as Plasma TVs, LCD TVs and Digital Media Products, the Bangalore R;amp;D Centre works on major projects for Samsung Electronics in the area of telecom, wireless terminals and infrastructure, Networking, SoC (System on Chip) Digital Printing and other multimedia/digital media as well as application software. Samsung India is a market leader in product categories like LED TVs, LCD TVs, Slim TVs and Side by Side Refrigerators.While it is the second largest mobile handset brand in India, it leads in the smart phone segment in India. Samsung India has won several awards and recognitions for both its corporate initiatives as well as its product innovations in audio visual, home appliance, IT and telecom product categories. Apart from development of innovative technology, Samsung places great importance on acting as a responsible corpo rate citizen in the communities where it operates. Its CSR programs respond to the social and environmental needs and seek to give back to communities that support the company.In 2009, Samsung launched the company’s Corporate Social Responsibility initiative – ‘Samsung Hope Project’ with projects in the areas of education, culture, sports, social welfare and community development. Each program under the Hope Project uniquely addresses the needs of individual communities while emphasizing on innovations for development of the community including education, technology, engineering and IT technical training. Consumer research is the systematic collection and analysis of consumer information for the purpose of important decision making for marketing.Consumer research plays an important role in marketing process, helps in consumer measurement, market potential, sales forecast, each element like product mix, distribution mix, price, effectiveness of an advertise ment campaign, consumer acceptance of a product. Infiercely competitive situation, it is extremely critical for and organization to monitor the customer relationship on a regular basis. CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEWS This chapter contain the review of literature releted to SAMSUNG handsets and customers satisfaction and awareness towards it. There are various tudies which have already been conducted on the customers satisfaction towards Raymond SAMSUNG handsets . the review studies focused on the SAMSUNG brands quality, brands perception and thinking of people towards it. 1 Marks (2006) found that inspite of increasing competition in the mobile phone sectors the SAMSUNG is still a brands that leads the market intems of customers satisfaction level. In this study is also found that the customers using SAMSUNG handsets were more satisfied with its features from the customers using handsets of other companies. Martensen (2008) found that the Indian customers are having a hight level of a wareness when it comes to SAMSUNG. The customers are awar about the taglines of the company and most the customers also identify the logo of the company while the customers of other companies were not aware about their company and the customers were also satisfied with SAMSUNG handsets. CHAPTER – 3 RESEARCH METHOLOGY The research methodology section contains the objectives of the study, ources of data, research design, tool for data collection and sampling techniques. Objectives of the study 1 . To identify the customers awareness level towards SAMSUNG handsets. 2 . To indetify the customers satisfaction level towards SAMSUNG handsets. 3 . To identify the different criteria considered by the customers while buying SAMSUNG handsets. 4 . To identify customers perception towards SAMSUNG as a brand. Sample size Our sample was 50 respondents. Sources of data The study used primary and secondary data. Primary data:- The primary data was collection from the respondents from dr. t gr oups of institutes using questionnaire. Secondary data:- The secondary data was collected from internet, books and magazines. Research design:- A descriptive research has been conducted to study consumer awareness and satisfication towards SAMSUNG because it has gathered the data that described events and then organized, tabulated, depicted and described the data obtained from consumers of SAMSUNG and other brands. We used descriptive statistics to describe the basic features of data of our study. They provided us simple summaries about the sample and the measures of our study.Descriptive statistics helped us to simplify large amounts of data in a sensible way. Sampling techniques:- The sampling techniques used to collect data is convenience sampling. For this study, 50 respondents have been taken as a sample ana data is collected from them. One of the most common examples of convenience sampling is using student volunteers as subjects for the research. We use it when we are unble t o access a wider population, for example due to time or cost constraints. Tool of data collection:- The data has been collected through questionnaires using graphical techniques ofSPSS CHAPTER – 4 Results ;amp; Discussion Table4. 1: Profession? Option| Response| Percentage| Student| 20| 50%| Business| 10| 25%| Working| 8| 20%| Other| 2| 5%| Interpretation:- From the above table we conclude that 50% of respondents are students ,25% of respondents are business , 20% of respondents are working and remaining 5% are working. TABLE 4. 2: Do you have a mobile phone? Option| Response| Percentage| Yes| 39| 97. 5%| No| 1| 2. 5%| Interpretation:- From the above table we conclude that 97. 5%% of respondents have mobile and remaining 2. % have not mobile. TABLE 4. 3: Have you ever heard about samsung? Option| Response| Percentage| Yes | 40| 100%| No | 0| 0%| Interpretation:- From the above table we conclude that 100%% of respondents are heard about Samsung mobile and remaining 0% are not heare of it. TABLE 4. 4:which companies cell phone are you using? Option| Response| Percentage| Nokia| 15| 37. 5%| LG| 6| 15%| Samsung| 13| 32. 5%| Motorola| 4| 10%| Other| 2| 5%| Interpretation:- From the above table we conclude that 37. 5%% of respondents are using nokia phone , 15% are using lg mobile, 32. % are using Samsung mobile, 10% are using Motorola mobile and 5% are using others mobile TABLE 4. 5: In which industry the brand name Samsung is involve.? Option| Response| Percentage| Automobile| 2| 5%| Sports| 0| 0%| Peteroleum| 0| 0%| Telecommunication| 38| 95%| Interpretation:- From the above table we conclude that 5% of respondents were that Samsung in automobile and 95% of respodents were that Samsung mobile in telecommunication. TABLE 4. 6: what is tagline of samsung? Option| Response| Percentage| I am the next| 30| 75%| What the next| 6| 15%| Stay connect| 4| 10%| Other| O| 0%| Interpretation:-From the above table we conclude that 75% of respondents aware about the tagl ine of Samsung mobile TABLE 4. 7: what makes you to buy samsung? Option| Response| Percentage| Advertisement| 30| 60%| On choice| 6| 12%| Friedns opinion| 5| 10%| Other| 3| 6%| Interpretation:- From the above table we conclude that 60% of respondents buy nokia by seeing advertisement , 12% influenced by on choice , 10% through their friends opinion and 6% because of other factors TABLE 4. 8:You prefer Samsung because of ? Option| Response| Percentage| Feature| 6| 15%| Price| 3| 7. 5%| Brand name| 20| 50%| Service| 10| 25%|Other| 1| 2. 5%| Interpretation:- From the above table we conclude that 15% of respondents prefer Samsung because of its feature, 7. 5% because of its price, 50% because of its brand name, 25% because of its service and 2. 5% because of other factor TABLE 4. 9 will you recommend Samsung to ohter ? Option| Response| Percentage| Yes| 35| 87%| No| 5| 13%| Interpretation:- in the graph 87% respondes recommend Samsung is favor and 13% is not favor in Samsung. TABLE 4. 1 0 acording to you which is close competitor of samsung ? Option| Response| Percentage| Nokia| 30| 75%| Motorola| 7| 18%| LG| 3| 7%|Spice| 0| 0%| Interpretation:- IN graph 75% compitotrs are nokia than the Samsung. FINIDINGS:- 1. Among the total of 40 respondents qwsin them 39 having mobile phon. 2. From the study undertaken majority of the respondents 100% were aware about Samsung. 3. Among the respondents 32. 5% were using Samsung mobile phones. 4. Among the respondents 60% people buy Samsung because of their advertisement. 5. Among the respondents 50%people prefer Samsung because of its brands name CONCLUSION We came to the conclusion that most of the customer of Samsung mobile were aware and satisfied with Samsung mobile car.Most of the respondent trust Samsung mobile as a brand and in future will recommend Samsung mobile to others also. In spite of having competition in the automobile industry Samsung mobile still stand above all and it has been able to maintain satisfaction lev el in its customers which in turns attracts others new customers also REFERENCES 1. http://www. samsung . com 2. https://www. scribd. com QUESTIONNAIRE TOWARDS SAMSUNG NAME:- ADRESS:- Q. 1. Do you use mobial phone ? 1. yes 2. No Q. 2 Have you ever heard about Samsung ? 1. yes 2. No Q. Which companies cell phone are you using ? 1. Samsung 2. Nokia 3. LG 4. Motorola Q. 4. In which industry the brand name Samsung is involved ? 1. Automobile 2. Peteroleum 3. Sports 4. Telecommunication Q. 5 what is the tagline of Samsung ? 1. I am the next 2. What the next 3. stay connect 4. Other Q. 6 What makes you to buy Samsung ? 1. Advertisment 2. Friend opinion 3. Own choice 4. Other Q. 7 you prefer Samsung because of 1. Feature 2. Brand name 3. Price 4. Services 5. Other APENDIX Data view VARIABLE VIEW

Silver and Test Tube

Copper-silver Nitrate Reaction Introduction In this experiment copper wire will be placed in a solution of silver nitrate. This single replacement reaction will produce a blue solution of copper II nitrate and solid silver. By weighing the reactants before the reaction, the mass of silver produced can be predicted. This theoretical yield can be compared to the actual yield of silver. Purpose Students will compare the theoretical mass of silver with the actual mass of silver from the single replacement reaction between copper and silver nitrate.Materials Copper wire stirring rod 18 x 150 mm test tube silver nitrate, AgN0350 mL graduated cylinder distilled water 100 mL or 250 mL beaker Procedure Day 1 1 . Obtain a 30 cm length of bare copper wire, stirring rod, and 18 x 150 mm test tube. coll the copper wire by wrapping It around a glass-stirring rod. stretch the coiled wire until It Is about 2 cm longer than the test tube. Leave wire tightly coiled near one end and stretched out and s traighten toward the other Weigh the wire and record it in the data table to the nearest 0. 01 grams. using weigh paper, weigh out about 1. 5 g of silver nitrate, AgN03. Record the measurement in data table to the nearest 0. 01 grams. (Caution: Be careful not to get any of the silver nitrate, solution or solid, on your skin or clothing. It will react with them. ) 3. Measure about 20 mL of distilled water In a graduated cylinder and pour It Into the test tube. Add the solid silver nitrate tothe water In the test tube. 4 Carefully move the stlrrlng rod up and down to dissolve the crystals and mix the solution, Take great care not to poke a holeIn the bottom of the test tube with the stirring rod. Rinse the stirring rod with a small amount ot distilled water into the test tube. Place the coiled wire in the silver nitrate solution with the closely coiled end at the bottom of the test tube. Set the test tube into a beaker. 6. Record observations during the next 15 minutes. 7. Set your la beled beaker in the designated area, allowing it to react overnight. Day 2 8. Weigh the 100 mL beaker. 9. Shake the crystals from the copper wire. using a wash bottle, rinse the wire Into he weighed 100 mL beaker. et the wire aside to dry. weigh the copper wire when